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클래식 음악 연대표 각주 둘러보기 메뉴eh4164043-3

음악사학작곡가기보법악곡의 형식음악 장르악전대위법화성법악기세계 음악라틴 아메리카아프리카


서양 고전 음악


유럽유럽계몽주의인문학음악사학음악시민계급공통 관습 시대대위법화성학












클래식 음악




위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.

(고전음악에서 넘어옴)





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서양 고전 음악(西洋古典音樂, 영어: European classical music), 혹은 클래식 음악(영어: classical music)'의 개념은 19세기 유럽에 확립되기 시작했다. 유럽에서는 18세기에 계몽주의가 중심사조로 자리잡았고 이에 따라 근대과학으로서의 인문학이 점차 발전함에 따라 음악사학도 옛 음악들에 대한 근대적 연구성과를 내놓기 시작하였다. 또한 이후 19세기에는 시민계급의 지위가 신장되면서 이들 또한 문화향유의 일종으로서 옛 음악에 대한 관심을 갖기 시작했고 이에 따라 이러한 음악들을 연주하는 공공연주회가 성행하게 되었다. 공공연주회는 점차 서양음악의 주요 장르에 있어서 탁월한 가치를 지니고, 다른 작곡가에게 그 모범적 기준을 제시하였으며 또한 공공연주회에서 청중들에게 인기가 있는 작품들을 통용하는 '규범적' 의미의 '고전classic' 음악 작품이 확립되기 시작했다.[1] 이후 현대에 이 전통의 기준은 1550년부터 1900년으로 규정되게 되었으며, 이는 공통 관습 시대(Common practice period)로 알려져 있다.[2] 이 300여년간의 음악의 특징은 대위법과 화성학 등 근대적 음악이론이 확립된 후 작곡된 조성음악이라는 것이다.



연대표


서양 음악의 역사는 크게 다음처럼 나눌 수 있다.



  • 고대 음악 시기. AD 500년 이전.


  • 고음악

    • 중세 음악 (500–1400)

      • 아르스 안티쿠아(ars antiqua) (1170–1310)


      • 아르스 노바(ars nova) (1310–1377)


      • 아르스 수브틸리오르 (ars subtilior) (1360–1420)



    • 르네상스 음악 (1400–1600)


    • 바로크 음악 (1600–1750)


    • 갈랑 양식(1720년대–1770년대)



  • 공통 관습 시대

    • 바로크 음악 (1600–1750)


    • 갈랑 양식(1720년대–1770년대)


    • 고전주의 (1750–1820)


    • 낭만주의 (c.1780–1910)



  • 20세기와 21세기 클래식 음악.

    • 근대 음악 (1890–1930) 19세기 말을 포함,


    • 인상주의 (1890–1925) 19세기 말을 포함


    • 신고전주의 (1920–1950), 간전기의 주류 양식


    • 포스트모던 음악 (1930– 현재)


    • 실험 음악 (1950– 현재)


    • 현대 (1945 또는 1975–현재)



각주




  1. ↑ "낭만주의의 유산","그라우트의 서양음악사 하권", "민은기 외 역", 음악세계(2007).


  2. ↑ "Classical", The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Music, ed. Michael Kennedy, (Oxford, 2007), Oxford Reference Online. Retrieved July 23, 2007.












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