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Ҳоҷатхона Адабиёт Эзоҳ Менюи гаштанмақола дар асоси Википедияи русӣ навишта шудааст.









Ҳоҷатхона




Мавод аз Википедиа — донишномаи озод






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  • Ҳоҷатхона

  • Хало

  • Мабраз

  • Туалет

Ҳоҷатхона, Туалет (аз калимаи фаронсавии toilettes гирифта шудааст), маънояш халоҷо, ҳоҷатхона ва мабраз мебошад, ки ҷоест барои қазои ҳоҷат, пешоб ва ғайраро хориҷ кардан. Дар хуҷраи ҳоҷатхона унитаз ва дигар воситаҳои санитарию-техникӣ насб мешаванд, масалан раковина ва биде. Туалетҳои ҳозиразамон ба қубурҳои ахлотхориҷкунӣ пайваст карда шудаанд ё ашёҳои ҳаҷмдореанд, ки баъди пуршуданашон бурда холӣ карда мешаванд, дар деҳот одатан таги замин гуронида мешаванд.


  • Инчунин нақл-ҳуҷраҳои биотуалет низ ҳаст.


Адабиёт


  • Куманецкий К.История культуры Древней Греции и Рима. М., 1990. С. 167.

  • Сосуды тайн Туалеты и урны в культурах народов мира Спб.: Азбука-Классика, 2002

  • Уборная // Краткая энциклопедия домашнего хозяйства. —М.: Государственное Научное издательство «Большая Советская энциклопедия», 1959.

  • Unitas, или Краткая история туалета М.:Новое литературное обозрение, 2007. — 192 с.


  • http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1594/is_n2_v9/ai_20492815«Flushed with success: new waste-reducing design in modern toiletry» by Jim Motavalli.E: The Environmental Magazine, March-April, 1998


  • http://www.outhousemuseum.com/wall_harrison.htmlGarden Houses and Privies, Authentic Details for Design and Restorationby Peter Joel Harrison. John Wiley & Sons, 2002.ISBN 0-471-20332-7Member of theOuthouse Wall of Fame

  • Slanguage — a Dictionary of Irish slangby Bernard Share. (Dublin,1997)ISBN 0-7171-2683-8

  • Temples of Convenience — And Chambers of Delightby Lucinda Lambton(NPI Media Group, 2006)ISBN 0-7524-3893-X

  • Thunder, Flush and Thomas Crapperby Adam Hart-Davis (Michael O’Mara Books, 1997),ISBN 1-57076-081-0.

  • Clean and Decent — The Fascinating History of the Bathroom and the Water Closetby Lawrence Wright (Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1960).

  • Teresi, Dick.Lost Discoveries: The Ancient Roots of Modern Science--from the Babylonians to the Maya. — New York : Simon & Schuster, 2002. — P. 351–352. —ISBN 0-684-83718-8.

  • Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies— freely available PDF.

  • The hidden roomA Short History of the ‘Privy’ by Johnny Ragland

  • The Principles And Practice Of Modern House-Construction: Chapter VIII. Interception Or Dry Systems


Эзоҳ


  • мақола дар асоси Википедияи русӣ навишта шудааст.



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